LONEITUTE THIAN
Loneitu Hriat Tur Puanchhuahna
Loneitu Hriat Tur Puanchhuahna
Botanical name:: Brassica oteracea Coss
Brassica campestis var Toria
English : : Cabbage
Hindi : Patglobhy
A TOBUL :
Zikhlum hian hun rei tak atang khan he khawvelah hian hmun a lo chang ve tawh thin a. Europe khawthlang lam leh Mediterrenean tuipui kam hmar lam ramte khu a chin tanna ram ni a hriat te chu an ni.
A TANGKAINA :
Zikhlum hi thlasik thlai a ni a, thlasik thlai zingah rau rau chuan hrawk fah ber zing a mi a ni awm e. Sa nena han siam phei chuan chaw ei a tih tui dan chu sawi loh, chhungte ei hmaa lo ui ei vak palh awl a ni. Zikhlum hi digestion puitu atan a tha hle bawk. Vitamin A leh C a pai tam a, chubakah minerals hrang hrang phosphorus, potassium, calcium, sodium leh iron te a pai bawk. Tunah chuan Zikhlum hi sum tuakna hnar tha tak a lo tling ta a, chuvangin hlawhtling taka zikhlum kan thar theih nan leh chaw eitui lote tan a chin dan leh hriat tul dangte i lo zir dawn teh ang.
SIK LEH SA :
Zikhlum hi khawvawtah a tha duh a, a vawh mai bakah hnawng bawk se a duhawm, Parbawrte ai pawhin khawvawt a tuar thei a, vur pawh a satliah deuh chu a chhiatpui lem lo. Khawlumah chuan a tuilo deuh thin. A chi tha taka a tiah nan boruak 12.8°C - 15.6°C a tawk. A than chhoh zel nan pawh 15°C - 20°C a tawk thei bawk.
LEILUNG :
Lei eng ang pawh hi a tha thei mai a, chuvangin lei sanghet leh lei thawl deuh pawh zikhlum chin nan hian a tih tlak a ni. Sawntlung lei leh luipui kam durah te hian a thang duh viau. Lei thur takah a tha thei lova, a chinna hmun lei chu pH 5.5-6.5 nise a tha. Lei a lo thur lutuk chuan chinai thi hman a tha a, hman tam luat emaw pH 6.5 pel tur chuan tih loh tur.
A CHI MAMAWH ZAT :
Thlai chi mamawh zat hi a chin hun a zirin a danglam. Zikhlum thar rang atan (Aug. - Sept.) 500 gm, a thar tlai (Sept. - Oct.) tan 375gm hectare khat a zau atan a tawk.
A CHI KÛI :
Chikuang hi uluk taka siam tur a ni a, lei hi dip tha taka siam tur a ni. Mizoramah chuan a kangin (seed bed) kan siam ber a, ram zawla siam mai pawh a tha, Chikuangah chi hi a tlara phul emaw, theh darhin a hnuah lei pan taka vur leh tur a ni. Ni eng tha taka hmu thei si, savaten thlai chi an thiar zawh mai loh nana ruahman tur a ni bawk. A chi theh atangin tlai tin tui tam tham lo tein rual taka leih ziah tur a ni.
PHUN SAWN :
Zikhlum tiak chu chawlhkar 4-6 anihin a phunna tur hmunah chuan phun sawn tur a ni. Thlai tiak pawh hian ti hliam lo tura fimkhur hle a ngai a ni. A nun that hma chu nisa leh ruahsur laka veng turin lehkha emaw changel kawr emaw a khuh tur a ni.
Source : Lalthanzuala
MSc.(Ag) ,Agro, PG Dip.Agmark
Thlai chin dan
Department of Agriculture (Crop Husbandry)
Mizoram
Page No : 116 - 120
First Edition-2011
THLAI BI KAR :
A tlar leh a tlar inkarte, tlar khata a bi emaw khur inhlat zawng hi a danglam thei viau. A tlangpui thuin thar rang hi a square in ft 1 1⁄2 a inhlat a phun a ni a, a dangte chu a tlar leh a tlar inkar ft. 2 a inhlat, a tlara a bi inkar ft 1 1⁄2 a inhlat a phun a ni.
LEITHA PEK :
Zikhlum hi chaw heh tak a ni. Ran zun leh ek leh chutiang rimnam leitha (FYM-bawngek leitha kan tih mai) tonnes 15-20, Nitrogen Kg 60, Phosphorus Kg 80 leh Potash Kg 60 te hi zikhlum hmun hectare khat a zau tan a tawk.
TUI PEK :
VARIETY : Zikhlum chi hrang hrang a awm ve, chungte chu :-
1. A mum chi : Golden Acre, Pride of India, etc.
2. A chhip per : Pusa drumhead
3. A chhippawng : Jersey wakefield
Pakhatna khi a thar rang a, pahnihna khi a tlai thung.
THLAI SENG LEH DAHTHAT :
Zikhlum chu a hlum a lo len hunin a lo vui a, mahse, a la no that laia seng tur a ni. Dahthat nan chuan boruak temp. 0°C nise, a hnawn lam chu 90-95% nise a tha.
A THAR HLAWK DAN :
A thar hlawk dan chu a tlangpui thuin thar rangah hectare khat a zauah ton 30-35 a ni a, thar tlai chu ton 35-45 a ni thung.
ZIKHLUM CHI CHHUAH DAN :
India ramah chuan thlai chi chhuah tur chuan tlangramah an ching ber. An tihdan tlangpui chu hetiang hi a ni.
1) Head intact method : Zikhlum chu a chhipah an tan thin a, a parfung lo chhuak tur chu rang zawkin a lo chhuak thei ta a ni.
2) Cove intact method : A hnah pawnlang an paih thla a, a lai ding chauh an zuah thung.
3) The stump method : A hlum an la a, a kung chauh an zuah a, a chawr atangin a chi chu an la thin.
A hnuhnung pahnih anga tih hian zikhlum chi a thar a tam bik.
THLAI VENHIM HNA :
Zikhlum natna :
1) Lâwng : Chi kuangah a tiak hlim a lo lâwng thin. Kan zikhlum chi neih sate chu damdawia bualsa anih loh pawn Agrosan Gn emaw Ceresan a sil chauh kûi tur. Thlai tiak Captan in enkawl bawk rawh.
2) Black rot : A hnah rawng a lo dang a, a kungah thil dum a lo lang bawk thin. Thlai chi damdawia bualsa chauh kûi tur. Natna vei thlai chu paihral vat tur. Blitox-50/Dithene M-45/Dithene Z-78 a kah tur.
Rannung chimawmte :
1) A phid : Zikhlum hnah pawnlang deuhte chu phun sawn hnu mahse a la naupan deuh laiin an ei chhe thin. Seng tlai deuh leh a chawrnote pawh a hrik (aphid) hian a bawm a, a tui an hip thin. Malathion/parathion/sumithion a kah a tha. Ni 10 danah nawn leh ang che.
2) Cutworm : Phun sawn hlim leh a hnu deuhah pawh lei seh chinah an chilh chhum thin.. Malathion emaw Parathion hman a tha.
3) Diamond backmoth : Chi kuangah emaw phun sawn hnuah emaw a hnah an seh pawpin a zik pawh an rawt hial thin.
Malathion emaw Parathion in zikhlum chu kap ila a tha.
Le, a chunga kan han tarlante khi a tlangpui zawr zawr a ni a, chutah pawh duh angin kan la hrut kim lo lehnghal a. Engpawh nise, taimak chhuah a tihtak zeta kan bei anih chuan kan hlawhtling ngei ang tih ring ila. Hriat belh duh emaw chian lohna nei chuan mithiamte zawt zel ila.